Construction (Design and Management) Regulations 2015 (CDM) – Client Guide

What is CDM?

The Construction (Design and Management) Regulations 2015 (CDM 2015) came into force on 6 April 2015 and apply to all construction projects in the UK, regardless of size or complexity.

If you are a building owner, occupier, or managing agent commissioning construction work for business purposes – such as maintenance, refurbishment, or small building alterations – you are legally considered the client under CDM regulations. This means you have responsibilities to ensure that the project is planned and carried out safely.

CDM regulations aim to improve health and safety in construction by ensuring risks are properly managed from the earliest design stages through to project completion and future building maintenance.

Why CDM Matters

Complying with CDM helps ensure:

  • Workers, clients, and the public are protected from harm
  • Projects are properly planned and coordinated
  • Construction risks are identified and managed early
  • Work is completed safely, efficiently, and with fewer unexpected costs

Effective planning and communication can significantly improve project quality and reduce delays or safety issues.

Your Role as the Client

Many clients are not construction specialists and may only undertake building work occasionally. You are not expected to supervise the construction work yourself, but your decisions strongly influence how safely the project is delivered. As the client, you control key elements such as:

  • Who is appointed to carry out the work
  • The available budget and timescale
  • The overall expectations for managing health and safety

If you fail to appoint the required duty holders, such as a Principal Designer and/or Principal Contractor, you may automatically take on their responsibilities and associated risks.

Key Client Duties

Appoint Competent People

If your project involves more than one contractor, you must appoint in writing:

  • Principal Designer – responsible for planning and managing health and safety during the design stage.
  • Principal Contractor – responsible for managing health and safety during

These appointments should be made as early as possible so the project team can properly plan and manage risks.

Ensure Effective Project Management

A Design Risk Assessment (DRA) is prepared by the Principal Designer as part of the design process. It is a fundamental element of project planning that helps safeguard everyone involved by identifying potential hazards associated with the design and addressing them at an early stage.

The purpose of a DRA is to ensure that risks are either eliminated where possible or reduced through thoughtful design decisions. This may involve considering the positioning of fixtures to ensure safe and easy accessibility, selecting appropriate products and materials, or adapting the design itself to remove potential hazards before construction or installation begins.

Construction work often involves multiple trades and potentially hazardous activities. You, or your Principal Contractor, assume the responsibilities and risks and should plan how to manage these:

  • Falls from height when working on roofs or platforms
  • Excavation collapse in trenches or foundations
  • Structural instability during alterations or demolition
  • Exposure to construction dust or harmful substances
  • Asbestos exposure in older buildings
  • Electrical hazards from existing services

Designers should aim to eliminate risks during the design stage, while contractors manage safety on site.

Allow Adequate Time

Projects that are rushed are more likely to be unsafe and poorly executed. Ensure that enough time is allocated for:

  • Design and planning
  • Risk assessment and preparation
  • Safe construction work

Adequate planning improves both safety and overall project quality.

Provide Key Project Information

Your designers and contractors will need relevant information about the project and site. This may include:

  • Details of the work you want carried out
  • Existing site conditions
  • Known hazards such as asbestos, buried services, or overhead cables
  • Budget and expected timescales

Providing this information early helps the project team plan safely and accurately. Creating a clear client brief at the start of the project can help establish expectations for safety, quality, and project management.

Encourage Communication and Coordination

Successful construction projects depend on strong communication between all parties involved. During the design stage, discussions should cover:

  • How the project will be built
  • How the building will be used after completion
  • How it will be safely maintained in the future

Regular meetings during construction allow the team to address issues quickly and keep the project on track.

Ensure Welfare Facilities Are Provided

Before work begins, your contractor must ensure suitable welfare facilities are available for workers. These typically include:

  • Toilets
  • Handwashing facilities
  • Drinking water
  • Rest areas

Providing proper welfare facilities is a legal requirement and supports worker wellbeing.

Confirm a Construction Phase Plan

Before construction starts, the Principal Contractor must prepare a Construction Phase Plan. This document outlines how health and safety risks will be managed throughout the construction process. Work should not begin until this plan is in place.

Keep the Health and Safety File

At the end of the project, you will receive a Health and Safety File prepared by the Principal Contractor. This file contains important information about the building and any safety considerations. It should be kept and made available for future:

  • Maintenance work
  • Repairs
  • Alterations
  • Demolition

Keeping this information up to date helps ensure future work can be carried out safely.

Protect Employees and the Public

If construction work takes place at an operational workplace or public premises, you must ensure visitors and employees remain safe. This may involve:

  • Rerouting pedestrian access
  • Installing clear safety signage
  • Adjusting delivery arrangements

Planning these changes helps minimise disruption and maintain safety.

Notify the Health and Safety Executive (HSE)

Some projects must be formally notified to the Health and Safety Executive (HSE) before work begins. Notification is required if the project:

  • Lasts more than 30 working days with 20 or more workers on site simultaneously, or
  • Exceeds 500 person-days of work

This notification can be submitted by someone in your project team on your behalf.

Getting Advice

If you are unsure about your responsibilities under CDM regulations, your Principal Designer or Principal Contractor should be able to guide you and help ensure the project meets all legal requirements.

Proper planning, clear communication, and the right team will help ensure your project is completed safely, efficiently, and successfully.

Conclusion

Hague Dental Supplies, as your design partner, can be appointed as Principal Designer, taking responsibility for preparing and managing the Design Risk Assessment (DRA).

With more than 30 years of experience in dental practice design and equipment planning, we are well-placed to fulfil the Principal Designer role, helping to ensure compliance while reducing the responsibilities and risks placed on you as the client.

We can also recommend trusted and reliable construction partners who are experienced in dental practice projects and can undertake the Principal Contractor role on your behalf.

For further details, please speak with your Hague Dental Sales Manager.

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